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parables

Stories that Sneak in (The Parables of Jesus) Lesson 6: The Fulfillment of the Kingdom

Stories that Sneak in (The Parables of Jesus) Lesson 6: The Fulfillment of the Kingdom

Introduction

Before we begin, this is quick reminder of what we’ve considered so far:

  • God’s kingdom is coming

    • to rule primarily hearts not people groups

    • in small and imperceptible ways that only later become visible, rather than in large and forceful ways

    • everywhere, not in specific times and places

  • God’s kingdom is a kingdom of grace right alongside righteousness (the nature of the kingdom), not just a kingdom of righteousness

  • The God of the kingdom rebukes the righteous and accepts sinners.

  • The kingdom of God demands everything from us. It costs us everything.

  • God will gather many for the kingdom and will reject those who reject him.

1. Watch the beginning of this video clip (up to 2:54). How do you answer the question, if God is good, why is there so much evil?

Getting into God’s Word

Let’s read Matthew 25:31-46

2. There are a few more things we should consider to better understand the points of this parable. Keep watching from 2:55 on.

  • The Son of Man will judge

  • Sheep on the right, goats on the left

  • The sheep inherit the kingdom

  • The goats are sent into the eternal fire

  • Our eternal destiny is connected to how we treat others

3. Who are the “least of these”?

4. This parable teaches about good works. Does it command good works? Does it teach that we earn salvation by doing good works? What is the relation between faith and good works?

5. What is the judgment at the end of this parable?


6. Do you think the fire is real or metaphorical?

7. Let’s summarize the point of this parable, perhaps using the comparison it makes. Let’s see if we can be clear about it with a “just as …. so also” statement.

“Just as (the main message of the parable) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Could it be that the fire Jesus talked about is an eternal search for God that is never quenched? That indeed would be hell. To be away from God forever, separated from his presence.
— Billy Graham, The Challenge, Sermons from Madison Square Garden, pages 74-75

….so also ….. (God deals with the world) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________”

Getting the Word into our lives

8. Do you think many church goers have good works that go with their faith? If they do, why? If they don’t, why don’t they?

9. We aren’t very comfortable discussing God’s judgment and hell. Why do you think that is? Are there ways to discuss them that advance the kingdom?

Wrap Up

Split into groups of 2 or 3.

10. What’s a passage from this Scripture that impacted you?

11. How are you going to respond to this message?

12. Who is one person you’d like to share this with?

Stories that Sneak in (The Parables of Jesus) Lesson 5: The Mission of the Kingdom

Stories that Sneak in (The Parables of Jesus) Lesson 5: The Mission of the Kingdom

Introduction

Before we begin, this is quick reminder of what we’ve considered so far:

  • God’s kingdom is coming

    • to rule primarily hearts not people groups

    • in small and imperceptible ways that only later become visible, rather than in large and forceful ways

    • everywhere, not in specific times and places

  • God’s kingdom is a kingdom of grace right alongside righteousness (the nature of the kingdom), not just a kingdom of righteousness

  • The God of the kingdom rebukes the righteous and accepts sinners.

  • The kingdom of God demands everything from us. It costs us everything.

1. “The power of the personal mission statement lies in your vision and in a commitment to that vision, that purpose, and those principle-centered values. They will control your decisions, determine your outlook, and provide the direction for your future.” (Stephen R. Covey, How to Develop Your Personal Mission Statement) Do you know your mission in life?

Getting into God’s Word

Let’s read Matthew 22:1-14

2. What do we need to know to understand the original story? Watch the clip below.

  • The invitation to the banquet

  • The surprising twist “We’re not going”

  • A political allegiance: the king’s son

  • the gracious king’s second offer

The mistreatment of royal representatives was outright treason, constituting a declaration of revolt.
— Craig Keener

  • weak excuses

  • the sent one is as the sender

  • judgment

  • go and invite the unworthy

3. We noticed that earlier parables were told in a specific context and referred to specific people or time. Do you think that this parable is talking about someone or something in particular? If it does refer to specific people or times, what do you think Jesus is trying to tell these people?

4. “Everyone who is defiled in the flesh, paralyzed in his feet or hands, lame, blind, deaf, dumb ... shall not enter to take their place among the congregation.” (Rule of the congregation 2:3-8 (Qumran))

“Yahweh of Hosts will make for all the people in this mountain a meal and though the Gentiles suppose it is an honor, it will be a shame for them, and great plagues, plagues from which they will be unable to escape, plagues whereby they will come to their end".” (Targum to Isaiah 2:5-6)

Compare those two quotes with Matthew 22:8-10. How are they similar or different? What does that say about God’s kingdom?

5. Do you think the churches in our community are more going out to seek the lost or letting the lost come to them? Give an example or two.

Some think that the idea of “burning the city” found in this parable foretells what actually happens to Jerusalem, which was invaded by the Romans in 66 AD and finally destroyed with fire in 70 AD


6. Let’s summarize the point of this parable, perhaps using the comparison it makes. Let’s see if we can be clear about it with a “just as …. so also” statement.

“Just as (the main message of the parable) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Sed purus sem, scelerisque ac rhoncus eget, porttitor nec odio. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.
— Rule of the Congregation 2:3-8 (Qumran)

….so also ….. (God deals with the world) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________”

Getting the Word into our lives

7. In verse 9, Jesus tells us to invite anyone we can find. In the ancient world, that would have been a mix of Jewish, Greek, Egyptian, Roman, and many different middle Eastern groups. There would have been rich, poor, sick, well, and many more. What kind of people will we find around us?

8. The first people invited were too busy to enjoy the banquet. Are you too busy for God and his kingdom? What might you be missing if you are busy?

9. The people at the banquet were asked to wear wedding clothes. One was thrown out because he didn’t have any. Are you wearing your wedding clothes? What is your favorite part of the attire?

Wrap Up

Split into groups of 2 or 3.

10. What’s a passage from this Scripture that impacted you?

11. How are you going to respond to this message?

12. Who is one person you’d like to share this with?

Stories that Sneak in (The Parables of Jesus) Lesson 4: The Demand of the Kingdom

Stories that Sneak in (The Parables of Jesus) Lesson 4: The Demand of the Kingdom

Introduction

Before we begin, this is quick reminder of what we’ve considered so far:

  • God’s kingdom is coming

    • to rule primarily hearts not people groups

    • in small and imperceptible ways that only later become visible, rather than in large and forceful ways

    • everywhere, not in specific times and places

  • God’s kingdom is a kingdom of grace right alongside righteousness (the nature of the kingdom), not just a kingdom of righteousness

  • The God of the kingdom rebukes the righteous and accepts sinners.

1. One description of recent attitudes toward Christianity that some people have found helpful is as follows.

  • Positive World (Pre-1994)

    • To be seen as a religious person and one who exemplifies traditional Christian norms is a social positive. Christianity is a status enhancer. In some cases failure to embrace those norms hurt you. 

    • In 1987 the Miami Herald reported that Sen. Gary Hart had been having an affair, and cavorting with the woman in question on his yacht. He was forced to drop out of the presidential race as a result.

  • Neutral World (1994-2014)

    • Christianity is seen as a socially neutral attribute.  It no longer had a dominant status in society, but to be seen as a religious person is not a knock either. It’s more like a personal affectation or hobby. Traditional norms of behavior retain residual force. 

    • In 1998 the Drudge Report broke the story that Bill Clinton had been having an affair with intern Monica Lewinksy, including sex acts in the Oval Office. Bill Clinton was badly damaged by the scandal but survived it as the Democratic Party rallied around him and the public decided his private behavior was not relevant to the job.

  • Negative World (2014-)

    • In this world, being a Christian is a social negative, especially in high-status positions. Christianity in many ways as seen as undermining the social good. Traditional norms are expressly repudiated. 

    • In 2016 Donald Trump, whose entire persona (sexual antics, excess consumption, boastfulness, etc.) is antithetical to traditional Christianity, is elected president. The Access Hollywood tape, for example, had no effect on voter decisions about him.

Which world is our community part of? Any reasons for thinking that?

As the world becomes more negative, the kingdom seems to demand more. Jesus always taught the demand of the kingdom.

Getting into God’s Word

Let’s read Matthew 13:44-46

5. What are some historical insights that help us understand this parable? Watch the clip below.

  • The possibility of finding buried treasure in Palestine


  • The seemingly dishonest or shady choices of the hired hand

  • The value of pearls in the first century

6. Why do you think these people sold everything they had in order to purchase the land or the pearl? From what Jesus said in Matthew 13:44 -46, do you think that it was a hard decision for them to make?

7. This parable would not have been considered scandalous or dishonest in Jesus’ day. Watch some more.

  • the rabbis had rules for ownerless property

  • to acquire ownerless property, one had to move it

  • the field hand had to take a bold course of action

9. What is the surprise or twist in this parable?

Is there anything in this world that you would sell everything to get?


10. A good way to summarize the point of the parable is to grasp the comparison it makes. Let’s see if we can be clear about it with a “just as …. so also” statement.

“Just as (the main message of the parable) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

….so also ….. (God deals with the world) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________”

“Unfortunately, it is all too easy to lose sight of this value and so lose the joy. This is the danger of those who grow up in fine Christian homes and good churches but who take this for granted. if a person has always known the message, he or she may not really grasp the value of the gospel.”
— Michael Wilkins

Getting the Word into our lives

11. Reflect to the times when you’ve found Jesus - the first, second, or fiftieth. Share whether or not it was difficult. Presumably changes have happened in your life since then. What? Reflect on whether some of that early joy and enthusiasm has been lost.

12. Was your conversion to the kingdom of God more like the field’s hand’s (an unexpected surprise) or like the pearl merchant’s (an expected surprise)? Why?

Wrap Up

Split into groups of 2 or 3.

13. What’s a passage from this Scripture that impacted you?

14. How are you going to respond to this message?

15. Who is one person you’d like to share this with?

Stories that Sneak in (The Parables of Jesus) Lesson 3: The God and people of the kingdom

Stories that Sneak in (The Parables of Jesus) Lesson 3: The God and people of the kingdom

Introduction

Before we begin, this is quick reminder of what we’ve considered so far:

  • God’s kingdom is coming

    • to rule primarily hearts not people groups

    • in small and imperceptible ways that only later become visible, rather than in large and forceful ways

    • everywhere, not in specific times and places

  • God’s kingdom is a kingdom of grace right alongside righteousness (the nature of the kingdom), not just a kingdom of righteousness

1. Compare these two quotes…

“In one hour's time I will be out there again. I will raise my eyes and look down that corridor; 4 feet wide, with 10 lonely seconds to justify my whole existence. But will I?” (Harold Abrahams, Chariots of Fire)

“I believe God made me for a purpose, but He also made me fast! And when I run, I feel His pleasure.” (Eric Liddell, Chariots of Fire, watch below)

What do you think is the difference? Who do you think most people are?

Getting into God’s Word

Today we’re looking at parables about God and the people of the kingdom. Who are they? What are they like?

Let’s read Luke 15:11-32.

4. Understanding this parable has to start with the event that it is part of. Look at Luke 15:1-2. What was happening when Jesus started the parable?

5. Let’s dig into this parable and try to understand some of the historical and cultural points of the parable. Watch the clip below then discuss some of the historical and cultural background.

  • The younger son vs the elder son as a recipient of the inheritance


  • An honor/shame society and community, and the implications of the younger son’s request


  • The legal impact on the younger son’s status


Pigs were unclean animals for the Jews (Leviticus 11:7, Deuteronomy 14:8) and to tend them was viewed as despicable work. .... The Jews considered the loss of family property to Gentiles a particularly grievous offense and grounds for excommunication.
— Mark Strauss
  • The elder son’s family status now that the father has dispersed his will


  • The younger son caring for pigs

  • The father running


  • The elder son working in the field


  • The robe, the ring, and the fatted calf


6. The picture on the left is from Rembrandt (1669). It is one of the most famous renderings of this story. What’s good about it? What perhaps could have been different?

7. If we accept that the younger son is shaming his father by asking for his inheritance, what are the reasons that the father doesn’t just let him become a servant, but welcomes him back as a son?

8. This parable has so many subtle points, but definitely one of the insights comes in the difference between verse 18, 19, and then verse 21. What is the difference?


9. What is the surprise or twist in this parable?


10. A good way to summarize the point of the parable is to grasp the comparison it makes. Let’s see if we can be clear about it with a “just as …. so also” statement.

“Just as (the main message of the parable) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

….so also ….. (God deals with the world) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________”

“According to Middle Eastern custom, the oldest son should have been the key reconciler between the father and his rebellious sibling.”
— Mark Strauss

Getting the Word into our lives

11. In order to apply this parable well, we need to have a basic understanding of the following ideas. Our understanding needs to work with the parable! (yes, these are big church words, sorry :-))

  • Forgiveness

  • Reconciliation

  • The church

  • Repentance

  • Justification

12. For those who are already part of the church, verse 31 is the most important verse in the parable: “ ‘My son,’ the father said, ‘you are always with me, and everything I have is yours.” What does this verse mean? What does it look like to take this verse to heart and believe it?

Wrap Up

Split into groups of 2 or 3.

13. What’s a passage from this Scripture that impacted you?

14. How are you going to respond to this message?

15. Who is one person you’d like to share this with?

Stories that Sneak in (The Parables of Jesus) Lesson 2: The Grace of the Kingdom

Stories that Sneak in (The Parables of Jesus) Lesson 2: The Grace of the Kingdom

Introduction

1. What do you think about this interaction, specifically these lines “I know you’ll never forgive me”?

2. Have you ever felt or reacted like the fox?

3. Last week we heard that God’s kingdom is coming.

  • It is not ruling people groups but hearts.

  • It does not come with largeness and shows of force, but in small and imperceptible ways that only become visible over time.

  • it is not isolated to specific times and places but spreads everywhere.

Where did you see God show up this week?

Getting into God’s Word

Today we’re looking at parables communicating the grace of the kingdom. Our study today will tell us more what that means.

Let’s read Luke 7:36-50 (This incident and the parable it includes are considered to be summaries of the Luke 15 parables - the parables par excellence about grace)

4. Let’s dig into the historical and cultural background of this story. There are at least a few points we want to understand. I’ve listed them in 5. But first, write down one thing that interests you about this story.

5. Watch this brief clip and make notes about each cultural/historical point listed below.

  • Ritual greetings in Jesus’ day (check verse 44 possibly for help)

  • Male/female relationships

  • Simon’s theological and cultural beliefs (verse 39)

5. In your own words, what is the dilemma that Jesus’ faces?

6. What is the surprise or twist in this parable?

7. Let’s discuss the meaning of this parable. What does this parable teach about the operating system of God’s kingdom? If you aren’t sure or just want to think about it some more, watch the clip below.

 

8. Verse 47 is important to understand. How do you understand it?

Getting the Word into our lives

15. Do you see yourself as having been forgiven maybe $20,000 or having been forgiven $100,000 plus? What difference has this realization made in your life?

16.

17. CS Lewis offers wise words to direct our regular forgiveness.

“Take it first about God's forgiveness, I find that when I think I am asking God to forgive me I am often in reality (unless I watch myself very carefully) asking Him to do something quite different. I am asking him not to forgive me but to excuse me. But there is all the difference in the world between forgiving and excusing.

“Forgiveness says, "Yes, you have done this thing, but I accept your apology; I will never hold it against you and everything between us two will be exactly as it was before." If one was not really to blame then there is nothing to forgive. In that sense forgiveness and excusing are almost opposites. Of course, in dozens of cases, either between God and man, or between one man and another, there may be a mixture of the two. Part of what at first seemed to be the sins turns out to be really nobody's fault and is excused; the bit that is left over is forgiven.

“If you had a perfect excuse, you would not need forgiveness; if the whole of your actions needs forgiveness, then there was no excuse for it.

“But the trouble is that what we call "asking God's forgiveness" very often really consists in asking God to accept our excuses. What leads us into this mistake is the fact that there usually is some amount of excuse, some "extenuating circumstances." We are so very anxious to point these things out to God (and to ourselves) that we are apt to forget the very important thing; that is, the bit left over, the bit which excuses don't cover, the bit which is inexcusable but not, thank God, unforgivable. And if we forget this, we shall go away imagining that we have repented and been forgiven when all that has really happened is that we have satisfied ourselves without own excuses. They may be very bad excuses; we are all too easily satisfied about ourselves.

“There are two remedies for this danger. One is to remember that God knows all the real excuses very much better than we do. If there are real "extenuating circumstances" there is no fear that He will overlook them. Often He must know many excuses that we have never even thought of, and therefore humble souls will, after death, have the delightful surprise of discovering that on certain occasions they sinned much less than they thought. All the real excusing He will do.

“What we have got to take to Him is the inexcusable bit, the sin. We are only wasting our time talking about all the parts which can (we think) be excused. When you go to a Dr. you show him the bit of you that is wrong -say, a broken arm. It would be a mere waste of time to keep on explaining that your legs and throat and eyes are all right. You may be mistaken in thinking so, and anyway, if they are really right, the doctor will know that.

“The second remedy is really and truly to believe in the forgiveness of sins. A great deal of our anxiety to make excuses comes from not really believing in it, from thinking that God will not take us to Himself again unless He is satisfied that some sort of case can be made out in our favor. But that is not forgiveness at all. Real forgiveness means looking steadily at the sin, the sin that is left over without any excuse, after all allowances have been made, and seeing it in all its horror, dirt, meanness, and malice, and nevertheless being wholly reconciled to the man who has done it.

When it comes to a question of our forgiving other people, it is partly the same and partly different. It is the same because, here also forgiving does not mean excusing. Many people seem to think it does. They think that if you ask them to forgive someone who has cheated or bullied them you are trying to make out that there was really no cheating or bullying. But if that were so, there would be nothing to forgive. (This doesn't mean that you must necessarily believe his next promise. It does mean that you must make every effort to kill every taste of resentment in your own heart -every wish to humiliate or hurt him or to pay him out.)

“The difference between this situation and the one in which you are asking God's forgiveness is this. In our own case we accept excuses too easily, in other people's we do not accept them easily enough. As regards my own sins it is a safe bet (though not a certainty) that the excuses are not really so good as I think; as regards other men's sins against me it is a safe bet (though not a certainty) that the excuses are better than I think.

“One must therefore begin by attending to everything which may show that the other man was not so much to blame as we thought. But even if he is absolutely fully to blame we still have to forgive him; and even if ninety-nine per cent of his apparent guilt can be explained away by really good excuses, the problem of forgiveness begins with the one per cent of guilt that is left over. To excuse, what can really produce good excuses is not Christian charity; it is only fairness. To be a Christian means to forgive the inexcusable, because God has forgiven the inexcusable in you.

“This is hard. It is perhaps not so hard to forgive a single great injury. But to forgive the incessant provocations of daily life -to keep on forgiving the bossy mother-in-law, the bullying husband, the nagging wife, the selfish daughter, the deceitful son - How can we do it?

“Only, I think, by remembering where we stand, by meaning our words when we say in our prayers each night "Forgive our trespasses*as we forgive those that trespass against us." We are offered forgiveness on no other terms. To refuse it is to refuse God's mercy for ourselves. There is no hint of exceptions and God means what He says.” (CS Lewis, Essay on Forgiveness: Weight of Glory)

18. Toward whom or with whom can you use this great message?

Stories that Sneak in (The Parables of Jesus) Lesson 1: The Coming of the Kingdom

Stories that Sneak in (The Parables of Jesus) Lesson 1: The Coming of the Kingdom

Introduction

1. Have you ever seen this image before? Do you know what it means?

2. God’s Word sneaks in in surprising ways too. In your own words, what happened to this guy?

Getting into God’s Word

3. The ancient stories that people used to sneak meaning into hearts were called parables. We’re going to spend the next weeks looking at biblical parables.

Before we get into today’s parable, let’s consider an introduction to parables in general.

4. What do you think parables are?

Let’s read Matthew 13: 24-33. In this section, Jesus tells three parables:

  • the wheat and the weeds

  • the mustard seed

  • yeast

5. Briefly retell the parable of the weeds and the wheat in your own words, and try to avoid explaining it.

 

6. What is the surprise or twist in this parable?

7. Briefly retell the parable of the mustard seed in your own words, and again try to avoid explaining it.

8. What is the surprise or twist in this parable?

9. Briefly retell the parable of the yeast in your own words, and again try to avoid explaining it.

10. What is the surprise or twist in this parable?

11. Let’s discuss the meaning of this parable. What does this parable teach about the coming of the kingdom of God? If you aren’t sure or just want to think about it some more, watch the clip below.

 

12. Imagine that you were a Jewish person living in the first century as Jesus taught about the coming of the kingdom of God through these parables. Do you think that you would have understood what Jesus was trying to say, given the Jewish expectations of the immediate coming of the kingdom in all of its fullness? Why or why not?

13. Given that other “Messiah” figures existed around the time of Jesus, such as Judas Maccabeus, do you think it would have been easy or hard for the Jewish people to believe that Jesus was the true Messiah? Explain.

14. Do you think that it would have been surprising for the Jewish people to hear that the “enemy” of the farmer was not Rome but the Devil (Matthew 13:39)? Why?

Getting the Word into our lives

15. What do you see as the main or most common hindrances to the kingdom coming in your lives and the lives of the people around you?

16. In what ways do you see the promise of these three short parables:

that the kingdom is coming

that it primarily rules hearts

that it begins and works in small almost imperceptible ways

that it will eventually becoming visible

to be especially good and helpful?

17. Do you think that the truth found in these three short parables - that the kingdom is coming, that it primarily rules hearts, that it begins and works in small almost imperceptible ways, and that it will eventually becoming visible - is being lived out in your life and the group/tribe you belong to? If so, where do you see it (or not)?

18. If you don’t, believe this promise: God’s kingdom comes. Where his Word is and people receive it in faith, his rule and reign is coming.

“After the defeat of Hitler’s Nazi regime in World War II, Holocaust survivor and Christian Corrie ten Boom returned to Germany to declare the forgiveness of Jesus Christ. One evening, after giving her message, she was approached by a man who identified himself as a former Nazi guard from the concentration camp at Ravensbruck, where she had been held and where her sister, Betsie, had died. 

When Corrie saw the man’s face, she recognized him as one of the most cruel and vindictive guards from the camp. He reached out his hand and said to her, “A fine message, Fraulein! How good it is to know that, as you say, all our sins are at the bottom of the sea! You mentioned Ravensbruck in your talk. I was a guard there, but I would like to hear it from your lips as well. Fraulein, will you forgive me?” About this encounter, Corrie writes: 

“I stood there—I whose sins had again and again been forgiven—and could not forgive. Betsie had died in that place. Could he erase her slow terrible death simply for the asking? It could have been many seconds that he stood there—hand held out—but to me it seemed hours as I wrestled with the most difficult thing I ever had to do . . . I had to do it—I knew that. [The message that God forgives has a prior condition: that we forgive those who have injured us. . . . ] But forgiveness is not an emotion—I knew that too. Forgiveness is an act of the will, and the will can function regardless of the temperature of the heart. “Jesus, help me!” I prayed silently. 

 “As she reached out her hand to the former guard, Corrie says that something incredible took place. She continues: 

 “The current started in my shoulder, raced down my arm, sprang into our joined hands. And then this healing warmth seemed to flood my whole being, bringing tears to my eyes. “I forgive you, brother!” I cried. “With all my heart!” . . . I had never known love so intensely, as I did then. But even then, I realized it was not my love . . . It was the power of the Holy Spirit.” (Scott Sauls, A Gentle Answer, Thomas Nelson, 2020, pp.19-20)”